In what circumstances should a newborn be placed under observation following resuscitation?

The correct choice emphasizes the importance of closely monitoring a newborn who has undergone resuscitation, particularly if there are any signs of instability or if there are risk factors that could lead to complications. Newborns who require resuscitation are often vulnerable and may require further evaluation to ensure that they are not developing issues that necessitate additional medical intervention. Signs of instability can include changes in heart rate, respiratory effort, temperature regulation, or any abnormalities in their physical examination.

By placing these newborns under observation, healthcare providers can catch potential problems early and provide necessary care. This proactive approach helps in preventing adverse outcomes and ensures that the newborn is stabilized before they are discharged or moved to a step-down unit.

In contrast, routine check-ups, which are more preventive and not necessarily based on immediate medical needs, would not justify the need for intensive observation post-resuscitation. Similarly, monitoring exclusively if no visible problems are present overlooks the fact that complications can develop even in initially stable babies. Thus, immediate observation for those showing signs of instability or at risk is crucial for their safety and health.