What is the consequence of prolonged brain oxygen deprivation in newborns?

Prolonged brain oxygen deprivation, also known as hypoxia, in newborns can lead to significant and irreversible brain damage. The brain is highly sensitive to oxygen levels, and when it does not receive an adequate supply, neurological impairment can occur. This can result in conditions such as cerebral palsy, developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and seizure disorders.

The developing brain of a newborn is especially vulnerable because of its rapid growth and development. Brain cells (neurons) start to die within minutes of oxygen deprivation, and once these cells are lost, they cannot regenerate, leading to permanent damage. The severity of damage often depends on the duration and extent of the oxygen deprivation.

In contrast to the other options, brain damage is a serious and long-lasting consequence of inadequate oxygen supply, making early intervention and resuscitation critical in cases of newborns experiencing hypoxia. Understanding this helps to stress the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of conditions that could lead to oxygen deprivation in neonates.